The mesothelium is a membrane that covers and protects most of the internal organs of living. It consists of two layers of cells: One layer immediately surrounds the organ, the other bag around it. The mesothelium produces a lubricating fluid released from these layers, so that moving parts (such as the beating heart and the expanding and contracting lungs) to glide easily against adjacent structures.
The mesothelium has different names depending on its location in the body. The peritoneum is the mesothelial tissue that covers most organs in the abdominal cavity. The pleura is the membrane surrounding the lungs and lines the chest cavity wall, while the pericardium covers and protects the heart. The mesothelial tissue surrounding the male internal reproductive organs is called the tunica vaginalis testis and the tunica serosa of the uterus covers the internal reproductive organs in women.
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